CSS Combinators

CSS Combinators

A CSS selector can contain more than one simple selector. Between the simple selectors, we can include a combinator.

There are four different combinators in CSS:

• descendant selector (space)
• child selector (>)
• adjacent sibling selector (+)
• general sibling selector (~)

Descendant Selector

The descendant selector matches all elements that are descendants of a specified element.

The following example selects all <p> elements inside <div> elements:

div p {
    background-color: yellow;
}

Child Selector

The child selector selects all elements that are the immediate children of a specified element.

The following example selects all <p> elements that are immediate children of a <div> element:

div > p {
    background-color: yellow;
}

Adjacent Sibling Selector

The adjacent sibling selector selects all elements that are the adjacent siblings of a specified element.

Sibling elements must have the same parent element, and “adjacent” means “immediately following”.

The following example selects all <p> elements that are placed immediately after <div> elements:

div + p {
    background-color: yellow;
}

General Sibling Selector

The general sibling selector selects all elements that are siblings of a specified element.

The following example selects all <p> elements that are siblings of <div> elements:

div ~ p {
    background-color: yellow;
}